Next time you raise an eyebrow at the views of your partner, friend, brother, sister or colleagues,
英语试题 01-22
Next time you raise an eyebrow at the views of your partner, friend, brother, sister or colleagues, remember they could be helping to make you smarter. New research shows that intelligence is not fixed but can be improved throughout adulthood by family members, bright mates and intellectually challenging careers. The study challenges the commonly held belief that intelligence is fixed by the age of about 18.
Scientific consensus (共识) suggests intelligence is controlled by genes(基因), with environmental factors (因素) such as schooling and nutrition playing a part up to this age. After this point, IQ scores become steady. But James Flynn, professor at the University of Otago in New Zealand, argues that people can “upgrade” their intelligence throughout their lives. He believes intellectual stimulation (刺激) from other people is important as the “brain seems to be rather like a muscle— the more you use it, the stronger it gets”. However, the opposite is also true—so people who share a home or workplace with the intellectually challenged risk seeing their IQ levels nosedive as a result.
Professor Flynn analysed US intelligence tests from the last 65 years and created new IQ “age tables”. He found a bright ten-year-old with brothers and sisters of average intelligence will suffer a five to ten points IQ disadvantage compared to a similar child with equally bright brothers and sisters. However, children with a low IQ could gain six to eight points by having brighter brothers and sisters and special educational treatment to help pull them up.
Professor Flynn concluded that although genetics and early life experiences determine about 80% of intelligence, the remaining 20% is linked to lifestyle. This means people can raise their IQ, or allow it to fall, by ten points or more. He suggests the best way to improve IQ levels is to socialize with bright friends, and find an intellectually challenging job.
25. According to the text, it is commonly believed that ______.
A. people’s IQ levels fall as the age
B. it is wise to share family members’ views
C. people cannot improve their intelligence during adulthood
D. doing something challenging is good for one’s intelligence
26. What does the underlined word “nosedive” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. vary B. develop C. change D. fall
27. Which of the following can help improve one’s intelligence according to Professor Flynn?
A. Making many friends.
B. Staying with smart people.
C. Doing exercise every day.
D. Learning from brothers or sisters.
28. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To inform. B. To advertise.
C. To entertain. D. To persuade.
答案
25.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句The study challenges the commonly held belief that intelligence is fixed by the age of about 18. 可知C 项是传统的观点。
26.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据上文可知大脑越用越聪明, 反之也成立, 可见你要是做没有挑战性的事情, 智力会下降的。故选D 项。
27.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据本文的第一段和最后一段都可以看出“和聪明人打交道”可以提升智商。故选B 项。
28.【解析】选A。写作意图题。本文向我们介绍了一项新的研究结论, 故选A 项。
Scientific consensus (共识) suggests intelligence is controlled by genes(基因), with environmental factors (因素) such as schooling and nutrition playing a part up to this age. After this point, IQ scores become steady. But James Flynn, professor at the University of Otago in New Zealand, argues that people can “upgrade” their intelligence throughout their lives. He believes intellectual stimulation (刺激) from other people is important as the “brain seems to be rather like a muscle— the more you use it, the stronger it gets”. However, the opposite is also true—so people who share a home or workplace with the intellectually challenged risk seeing their IQ levels nosedive as a result.
Professor Flynn analysed US intelligence tests from the last 65 years and created new IQ “age tables”. He found a bright ten-year-old with brothers and sisters of average intelligence will suffer a five to ten points IQ disadvantage compared to a similar child with equally bright brothers and sisters. However, children with a low IQ could gain six to eight points by having brighter brothers and sisters and special educational treatment to help pull them up.
Professor Flynn concluded that although genetics and early life experiences determine about 80% of intelligence, the remaining 20% is linked to lifestyle. This means people can raise their IQ, or allow it to fall, by ten points or more. He suggests the best way to improve IQ levels is to socialize with bright friends, and find an intellectually challenging job.
25. According to the text, it is commonly believed that ______.
A. people’s IQ levels fall as the age
B. it is wise to share family members’ views
C. people cannot improve their intelligence during adulthood
D. doing something challenging is good for one’s intelligence
26. What does the underlined word “nosedive” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. vary B. develop C. change D. fall
27. Which of the following can help improve one’s intelligence according to Professor Flynn?
A. Making many friends.
B. Staying with smart people.
C. Doing exercise every day.
D. Learning from brothers or sisters.
28. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To inform. B. To advertise.
C. To entertain. D. To persuade.
答案
25.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句The study challenges the commonly held belief that intelligence is fixed by the age of about 18. 可知C 项是传统的观点。
26.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据上文可知大脑越用越聪明, 反之也成立, 可见你要是做没有挑战性的事情, 智力会下降的。故选D 项。
27.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据本文的第一段和最后一段都可以看出“和聪明人打交道”可以提升智商。故选B 项。
28.【解析】选A。写作意图题。本文向我们介绍了一项新的研究结论, 故选A 项。
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