[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]
C
Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the US the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It's Jason Moran's job to help change that. As the Kennedy Centre's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，” Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan. “What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It's actually colour, and it's actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same，” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，” says Moran. “For me, it's the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A．To remember the birth of jazz.
B．To protect cultural diversity.
C．To encourage people to study music.
D．To recognize the value of jazz.
29．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Jazz becoming more accessible.
B．The production of jazz growing faster.
C．Jazz being less popular with the young.
D．The jazz audience becoming larger.
30．What can we infer about Moran's opinion on jazz?
A．It will disappear gradually.
B．It remains black and white.
C．It should keep up with the times.
D．It changes every 50 years.
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Exploring the future of jazz
B．The rise and fall of jazz
C．The story of a jazz musician
D．Celebrating the Jazz Day
【2016·全国新课标I】D
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a
person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some
traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and
suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
- What does the author say about silence in conversations?
- It implies anger.
- It promotes friendship.
- It is culture-specific.
- It is content-based.
- Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?
- The Chinese.
- The French.
- The Mexicans.
- The Russians.
- What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?
- Let it continue as the patient pleases.
- Break it while treating patients.
- Evaluate its harm to patients.
- Make use of its healing effects.
- What may be the best title for the text?
- Sound and Silence
- What It Means to Be Silent
- Silence to Native Americans
- Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold
【2016·全国新课标II】C
Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.
Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”
Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.
BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.
9. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?
A. To explain what they are.
B.To introduce BookCrossing.
C. To stress the importance of reading.
D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.
10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2refer to?
A. The book. B.An adventure.
C.A public place. D. The identification number.
11. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?
A. Meet other readers to discuss it. B.Keep it safe in his bookcase.
C. Pass it on to another reader. D. Mail it back to its owner.
12. What is the best title for the text?
A. Online Reading: A Virtual Tour B. Electronic Books: A new Trend
C. A Book Group Brings Tradition Back D. A Website Links People through Books
【2015·新课标全国II】C
More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university. It used to be the “year off” between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.
This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service (UCAS).
That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.
But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students (NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to￡15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacating periods,” he said.
29. What do we learn about the gap year from the text?
- It is flexible in length.
- It is a time for relaxation
- It is increasingly popular
- It is required by universities
- are better prepared for college studies
- know a lot more about their future job
- are more likely to leave university in debt
- have a better chance to enter top universities
- He’s puzzled
- He’s worried
- He’s surprised
- He’s annoyed
- Attend additional courses.
- Make plans for the new term
- Earn money for their education
- Prepare for their graduate studies
The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part - particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.
The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7:00 am to 1 p.m., rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries; the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.
Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown’s Grove Farm’s stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal- and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn’t be experiencing again for months.
Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where - luckily for me - I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it.
24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?
A. Exciting. B. Boring.
C. Relaxing. D. Annoying.
25. What made the author’s getting up late early worthwhile?
A. Having a swim.
B. Breathing in fresh air.
C. Walking in the morning sun.
D. Visiting a local farmer’s market.
26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?
A. They are soft.
B. They look nice.
C. They taste great.
D. They are juicy.
27. What was the author going to that evening?
A. Go to a farm.
B. Check into a hotel.
C. Eat in a restaurant.
D. Buy fresh vegetables
说明文表达观点的考试常用表述
- 说明文中表达观点态度的词不多，但每一个都非常重要，都与文章主旨密切相关。
- 常见的涉及到观点态度的词有
- think(thought), realize，find，show，say(said, saying), believe，be concerned about
- 观点在表示对比转折类的逻辑词之后：
对比-异：however，but, though，while，conversely，in contrast，on the other hand
说明文文体特点
1.主题明确
以说明为主要表达方式，用来说明情况，阐明事理的文体。它通过介绍情况，说明事物的特征，是为了告诉世人正确的思想或知识
2.结构清晰
说明文往往借助于时间顺序、空间顺序、或逻辑顺序来展开文章.
①首段指出说明对象；
②表述客观，作者态度相对比较中立；
③所有例子支持文章说明对象；
④词汇稍显复杂，但不影响解题。
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